Heptane
Description:
Heptane is a straight-chain alkane hydrocarbon consisting of seven carbon atoms and sixteen hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, volatile liquid with a characteristic mild gasoline-like odour. Heptane is highly flammable and is commonly used as a solvent, in laboratory applications, and as a reference standard in octane rating for fuels.
Physical properties:
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Molecular formula: C7H16
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Molar mass: 100.2 g/mol
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Boiling point: 98–99°C
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Melting point: –90.6°C
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Density: ~0.684 g/mL at 20°C
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Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in most organic solvents
Uses:
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As a solvent for coatings, adhesives, and oils.
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In laboratory research and chemical analysis.
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In industrial applications such as cleaning or degreasing.
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Reference fuel for octane rating tests (n-heptane = zero octane rating).
Hazards:
1. Flammability:
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Extremely flammable liquid and vapor.
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Vapours may form explosive mixtures with air.
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Sources of ignition such as sparks, flames, or hot surfaces must be avoided.
2. Health hazards:
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Inhalation: Can cause dizziness, headache, nausea, respiratory irritation, and central nervous system depression.
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Skin contact: May cause dryness or irritation. Prolonged exposure can lead to dermatitis.
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Eye contact: May cause irritation.
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Ingestion: Can lead to nausea, vomiting, and aspiration into lungs, which may cause chemical pneumonia.
3. Environmental hazards:
CAS number 142-82-5
EC number 205-563-8
UN 1206
Information on basic physical and chemical properties
Appearance :Â Liquid.
Colour : Colourless:
Odour : Petrolic
pH pH (concentrated solution): no data available
Melting point : −90.549 °C (−130.988 °F; 182.601 K)
Initial boiling point and range : 98.38 °C (209.08 °F; 371.53 K)
Solubility in Water : 0.0003% (20 °C)
Relative density : 0.6795 g cm−3
Molar Mass : 100.205 g·mol−1
Spec
CAS number 142-82-5
EC number 205-563-8
UN 1206
Information on basic physical and chemical properties
Appearance :Â Liquid.
Colour : Colourless:
Odour : Petrolic
pH pH (concentrated solution): no data available
Melting point : −90.549 °C (−130.988 °F; 182.601 K)
Initial boiling point and range : 98.38 °C (209.08 °F; 371.53 K)
Solubility in Water : 0.0003% (20 °C)
Relative density : 0.6795 g cm−3
Molar Mass : 100.205 g·mol−1
Hazards
Hazards:
1. Flammability:
-
Extremely flammable liquid and vapor.
-
Vapours may form explosive mixtures with air.
-
Sources of ignition such as sparks, flames, or hot surfaces must be avoided.
2. Health hazards:
-
Inhalation: Can cause dizziness, headache, nausea, respiratory irritation, and central nervous system depression.
-
Skin contact: May cause dryness or irritation. Prolonged exposure can lead to dermatitis.
-
Eye contact: May cause irritation.
-
Ingestion: Can lead to nausea, vomiting, and aspiration into lungs, which may cause chemical pneumonia.
3. Environmental hazards:
Precautionary measures:
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Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames, and hot surfaces.
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Use in well-ventilated areas or with fume hoods.
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Wear protective gloves, goggles, and clothing when handling.
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Avoid release into the environment.
Hazard codes / labels:
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