Dichloromethane (DCM), also known as Methylene Chloride, is a colourless, volatile liquid with a slightly sweet odour. It is a highly effective solvent with excellent ability to dissolve a wide range of organic compounds, making it valuable in industrial, laboratory, and chemical manufacturing applications.
DCM is commonly used as a solvent in paints, coatings, adhesives, and degreasing agents, as well as a key component in chemical processing, pharmaceuticals, and laboratory extractions. It also finds use in paint removers, metal cleaning, and some controlled decaffeination processes.
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Chemical Formula: CHâ‚‚Clâ‚‚
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Appearance: Colourless liquid with a sweet odour
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Key Uses: Industrial solvent, chemical processing, paint stripping, metal degreasing, laboratory extraction
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Industries: Chemical manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, coatings, adhesives, laboratories
Health Hazards
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Acute toxicity: Harmful if inhaled or ingested.
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Central nervous system effects: Can cause dizziness, headache, nausea, and in high concentrations, loss of consciousness.
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Carcinogenicity: Classified as a possible human carcinogen (IARC Group 2B).
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Skin and eye irritation: Can cause irritation on contact; may be absorbed through the skin.
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Respiratory hazards: High vapor concentrations can cause respiratory distress.
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Chronic exposure: May affect liver, kidneys, and cardiovascular system.
Fire & Explosion Hazards
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Flammable limits: Non-flammable, but vapours can form explosive mixtures with air under certain conditions.
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Decomposition: Produces toxic gases (carbon monoxide, hydrogen chloride) when heated.
Environmental Hazards
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Harmful to aquatic life.
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Volatile organic compound (VOC) that can contribute to air pollution.
Precautionary Measures
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Use only in well-ventilated areas or fume hoods.
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Avoid inhalation of vapours; wear appropriate respiratory protection.
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Wear chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, and protective clothing.
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Keep away from heat, sparks, and open flames.
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Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place.
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